of seats to the respective lists in proportion to the totals of votes
obtained by each. But this change brings in its train a change in Underwear Male the
nature of the vote. It remains no longer a vote only for candidates as
individuals; it obtains a twofold significance, and becomes what is
Underwear Male termed Underwear Male the double simultaneous vote (_le Underwear Male double vote Underwear Male simultanée_). In
the first place it is a vote for the Underwear Male party list as such, and is Underwear Male used for
determining the proportion of seats to Underwear Male be Underwear Male allotted to the lists; and, in
the second place, it Underwear Male is a vote for a particular candidate or order of
candidates for the purpose of ascertaining Underwear Male which of the candidates
included in a list shall be declared successful. This double function of
the vote is Underwear Male characteristic of all list systems of proportional
representation. Other changes of a subsidiary character, which
experience has shown to be advisable, have been adopted in different
countries so that the various systems differ in detail in the methods
both by which seats are apportioned
among the competing lists and Underwear Male by
which the successful candidates are chosen.
_The Belgian electoral system_.]
List systems are in operation for parliamentary purposes in Switzerland,
Belgium, Würtemberg, Sweden, and Finland. The simplest of these is
that
adopted by Belgium, and the description of Underwear Male a Belgian election may serve
as an introduction to the study of other systems. Through the courtesy
of M. Steyeart, the President